S E L E N E

@Dusk #Dusk $DUSK
Dusk Network brands itself as a privacy blockchain for financial applications. It is a layer-1 blockchain that powers the Confidential Security Contract standard, and supports confidential smart contracts. Dusk Network aims to address the requirements and needs of financial markets. Central to its design are thus a scalable public infrastructure, direct settlement finality of transactions, and strict data privacy.
Through the use of a novel transactional model called Phoenix, Dusk Network focuses to bring privacy and anonymity to transactions, as well as smart-contracts. Additionally, tokens deployed on Dusk Network can build on top of Zedger, a hybrid privacy-preserving model based on Phoenix, developed specifically for security tokens.

The ‘Segregated Byzantine Agreement consensus mechanism secures the network. According to the team from Dusk Network, SBA is an improvement over the underlying Proof-of-Stake mechanism as it combines existing ideas like "cryptographic sortition stealth time-locked transactions (hidden stake amounts) and a reputation module to increase the chances of selecting honest nodes and further promote decentralization".

DUSK tokens can be used as a utility token to initiate transactions, atomic swaps or deploy smart contracts. DUSK can also be staked to participate in consensus and serves as a means of exchanging DUSK-denominated value. In the future, the team intends to expand the use-cases of DUSK by adding it to an on-chain governance system.
What is Dusk Network
Dusk Network is a privacy-oriented blockchain protocol featuring Segregated Byzantine Agreement to provide privacy, programmability, and contract auditability.
Dusk is built by a team of entrepreneurs, engineers and researchers with technical experience at Amazon, TomTom, Mozilla, Reaktor, and blockchain backgrounds.
Dusk Network is currently in testnet phase and aims to be a blockchain protocol designed for easy deployment of programmable Zero Knowledge dApps, thus becoming the backbone of an open, permissionless and global privacy-oriented dApp ecosystem.
The Project aims to remove technical barriers that have hindered mainstream issuance and trading of products such as security tokens. Compliance, auditability and privacy are built into the open, permissionless Confidential Security Token Standard.
Some of its key elements include:
Raised ~$8.08MM via private token sales from August to November 2018
Private Proof-of-Stake implementation which enables Block Generators to stake anonymously.
Utilizes ZeroCaf to achieve fast, efficient and Bulletproof-friendly Elliptic Curve operations.
Built by a team of entrepreneurs, engineers, and researchers from a wide variety of backgrounds.

Dusk Network aims to achieve on-chain privacy and programmability while maintaining high-throughput and instant transaction finality. Dusk Network is built upon these key innovations:
Some of its key features include
Private-Proof-of-Stake: Dusk Network's consensus protocol, Segregated Byzantine Agreement is powered by "Proof of Blind Bid" that enables Block Generators to stake anonymously.
Decentralization: by disincentivizing resource centralization from staking pools, smaller participants are encouraged to partake in the consensus.
Replaceability: consensus participants are chosen pseudo-randomly and independent of earlier outcomes.
To do so, Dusk relies on a few core characteristics:
Consensus in three phases: Block Generation, Block Reduction and Block Agreement.
ZeroCaf for fast, efficient and Bulletproof-friendly Elliptic Curve operations. ZeroCaf is an Elliptic Curve developed on the Ristretto scalar field.
Implementation of Poseidon, a Zero-Knowledge friendly hashing algorithm.
Browser Nodes for Zero-Knowledge verification and Zero-Knowledge Virtual Machine architecture.
Instant Transaction Finality: Due to the properties of the Dusk Network consensus protocol transactions are final immediately after the completion of a block, aside from a negligible probability of a fork.
Mission and value proposition
By allowing Dusk to be openly accessible, Dusk Networks's mission is to become "the privacy infrastructure of choice for an entire ecosystem of solutions, whether in finance, governance, cybersecurity, or something completely new".
With a combination of privacy and compliance, Dusk is designed for the financial industry use, and as such, Dusk's adoption strategy focuses on the security token market, which is in need of a purpose-built blockchain.

Privacy: Dusk Network provides speed and full user privacy, while enabling decentralized application issuers and third-parties to create meaningful Zero Knowledge proofs to fulfill checks and balances, and audit & reporting requirements.
Permissionless: anybody can join the network as a consensus participant without a need for approval from a central entity.
Public: users do not need approval of a trusted authority to use the Dusk Network blockchain. The Dusk Network blockchain also requires minimal processing power and modest IT resources to join. All users who possess the DUSK token can participate in the consensus.
Compliance: through zero-Knowledge proofs, companies and projects are able to create real world applications that can adhere to strict compliance requirements whilst still offering data privacy. This increases the ability to perform business processes on-chain, leading to significant cost reduction.
Dusk Network uses zero-knowledge cryptography to allow network participants to prove the correct outcome of a wide range of operations without revealing identities or any transaction details while provide proof of correct computation in a trustless manner. The browser nodes are used to provide these different types of verification.
Dusk nodes compete in the block selection process by anonymously committing staking an undisclosed amount of Dusk tokens and thus prove compliance to the process by generating a Zero Knowledge proof of such transaction. By delegating to the browser the workload of verifying (or even generate) Zero Knowledge proofs, they can leverage game theoretic principles to let the community help with the computation power required to verify Zero Knowledge proofs multiple times and bring Dusk Network one step closer to a fully browser based blockchain experience.
DUSK token overview and use-cases
The DUSK token is used to stake and participate in the consensus.
DUSK token is used to pay for transactions deploying dApps, and as gas. The token also serves as rewards for the consensus participants.
DUSK can be traded for XSC-based tokens, both one-way and through atomic swaps.
The DUSK token will be used for on-chain governance within XSC once it is released.
In Dusk Network, block rewards are paid through an emission of DUSK defined in the protocol. The majority of all newly issued DUSK will be rewarded to consensus participants, while a minor portion will go to a technical development fund, creating an autonomous funding mechanism for the long term research and development
Key products and features
Segregated Byzantine Agreement
The roles in the protocol are split between two different node types: Block Generators and Provisioners.
Block Generators compete in a recurring lottery for the right to submit block candidates, while Provisioners run consensus over the selection of the lottery winners and acceptance of their proposed block.
In order to become Block Generators, full nodes submit a confidential transaction called Blind Bid. Provisioners, instead, are required to stake their DUSK publicly, while participating in the consensus
A unique consensus mechanism

Blind Bid Phase

During the Blind Bid phase, aspiring Block Generators stake an amount of DUSK for the right to participate in the block generation lottery. The stake transaction is called a Blind Bid, because the amount of DUSK staked and the identity of the Block Generator are kept confidential. The Blind Bid also carries a secret number 'k' chosen arbitrarily by the Block Generator. This way she can claim ownership of her own transaction at any time, despite its confidentiality and without disclosing her identity. All valid Blind Bids are kept in a Merkle Tree saved on the blockchain.
Consensus Phase - Block Generation and Selection

During each round, Block Generators use their Blind Bid to run a non-interactive lottery and obtain a score.
The amount of DUSK in the Blind Bid positively affects this score.
Thus, Block Generators anonymously transmit their proposed block to the Provisioners alongside the obtained score and the Zero Knowledge proof of Blind Bid; therefore proving knowledge of the embedded secret 'k' and the correctness of the score computation. Due to the reliance upon Zero Knowledge proof of correctness, proof of Blind Bid provides a significantly higher level of security if compared to public Proof-of-Stake systems while showing an equal resilience to Sybil attacks.
A committee of Provisioners validates all submissions and select the candidate block with the highest score.
Consensus Phase - Block Reduction
After the Selection phase, a small committee of Provisioners perform Block Reduction: a two step routine to gather Provisioners' signatures and assure convergence over a single block. If more signatures than a threshold of 75% of committee participants are collected, the candidate block is then established. The committee chosen for Block Reduction is always a small subset of the entire provisioner population, deterministically extracted through a non-interactive algorithm called "deterministic sortition". The non-interactive deterministic extraction algorithm additionally enables every node in the network to calculate who is in the committee from public parameters. This can be used to single out compromised participating Provisioners and decrease their reputation.

The Block Agreement is an additional phase designed to guarantee immediate finality to the selected block and provide protection against the "timeout fork" attack. During this phase, an additional committee gathers and verifies the signatures collected at the Reduction phase. This phase provides a statistical guarantee that at least one honest node has received a set of votes exceeding the minimum threshold required to successfully terminate the respective phase of the protocol.
If the candidate block does not reach sufficient signatures, or agreement votes, the candidate block is omitted from the pool of candidate blocks and the process loops back to the selection stage. This time another candidate block with the highest score is selected and the process repeats until a favorable outcome is reached.

Web3 a promisé la décentralisation, la propriété et la confiance depuis des années, pourtant de nombreux projets peinent à aller au-delà de la théorie pour avoir un impact réel dans le monde réel. La scalabilité cède sous la pression. Les communautés perdent leur direction. La liquidité se fragmente à travers les chaînes. Et l'adoption réelle reste limitée. Walrus émerge comme un protocole qui aborde directement ces défis, non pas avec du bruit, mais avec une infrastructure conçue pour une utilisation à long terme. Ce n'est pas simplement un autre projet Web3. Walrus se positionne comme une couche fondamentale pour la manière dont les données et la valeur circulent dans les écosystèmes décentralisés.

Finance has always needed balance. Privacy protects users institutions and strategies. Rules protect markets stability and trust. Most systems choose one and sacrifice the other.
Dusk is built differently.
It is designed for a future where finance requires privacy and regulation working together.
Public blockchains made everything transparent. While this removed intermediaries it exposed sensitive financial data forever. Real world finance cannot operate like this. Businesses need confidentiality.
Users need protection. Institutions need compliance. Dusk understands this reality and builds privacy directly into regulated finance.
At the core of Dusk is zero knowledge technology. Transactions remain private while the network can still verify that rules are followed.
No balances exposed.
No identities leaked.
Only proof.
This allows financial activity to stay confidential while remaining fully valid and auditable.
Dusk does not hide from regulation.
It supports it.
Compliance is built into the protocol itself. Developers can design applications that follow KYC AML and legal requirements without revealing personal data on chain. Regulators receive cryptographic proof instead of raw data. This creates trust without surveillance.
Smart contracts on Dusk are designed for real world use. Rules such as transfer limits ownership restrictions and investor eligibility can be enforced automatically.
Once deployed the system follows the rules without intermediaries. This is critical for security tokens regulated DeFi and institutional finance.
Governance is also privacy focused. Voting can happen without exposing individual choices. Decisions are verified fairly while participants stay protected. This encourages honest participation and long term sustainability.
#Dusk is built for institutions users and developers who want clarity not compromise. Privacy is not optional. Rules are not negotiable. Both are required to scale finance globally.
This is not hype driven infrastructure. This is long term design. Dusk proves that finance can be private compliant and decentralized at the same time.
Welcome to the future of regulated privacy powered by Dusk.
@Dusk #Dusk
$DUSK

Imagine a blockchain not as a single machine but as a multiplayer world. In this world every participant has a role, every action follows clear rules, and every move can be verified without exposing secrets. This is the philosophy behind Dusk’s architecture. It is not built for a single type of user or a single layer of execution. It is designed as a multiplayer system where privacy, compliance, performance, and governance work together in harmony.
Dusk was created to solve a real problem. Traditional blockchains either focus on transparency at the cost of privacy or privacy at the cost of regulation. Real world finance cannot afford either extreme. Banks institutions developers regulators and users all need different guarantees. Dusk approaches this challenge with a layered and multi participant architecture where each actor plays a defined role without compromising the whole system.
The first player in the Dusk architecture is the user. Users are the origin of value and data. On Dusk they do not broadcast their financial identity to the world. Instead they interact through zero knowledge proofs that allow actions to be verified without revealing sensitive information. This means balances transactions and ownership remain private by default. From a user perspective this feels empowering. You are no longer trading privacy for access. You are participating in a system that respects confidentiality as a fundamental right.
The second player is the application layer. Developers build regulated DeFi protocols security token platforms and financial tools on top of Dusk. This layer is where innovation happens. Smart contracts on Dusk are designed to work with privacy preserving logic while still supporting auditability. Developers can define which data remains hidden and which proofs are exposed. This flexibility is critical for real world adoption. It allows applications to adapt to different regulatory environments without rewriting their core logic.
The third player is compliance. In most blockchains compliance is treated as an external burden. On Dusk it is embedded directly into the architecture. Zero knowledge proofs enable selective disclosure. This means an institution can prove that it follows rules such as KYC AML or transaction limits without revealing user identities or transaction details publicly. Regulators do not need to trust blindly. They receive cryptographic proof that the system is operating within defined constraints. This turns compliance from a blocker into a feature.
Another key layer in this multiplayer architecture is consensus. Dusk uses a privacy aware consensus mechanism designed to support confidential transactions at scale. Validators do not need access to private data to confirm the validity of blocks. They only need to verify proofs. This separation of data and validation is powerful. It reduces attack surfaces increases security and keeps the network efficient even as usage grows. Each validator is a player that enforces rules without seeing the full game state.
Governance is another important role in the Dusk ecosystem. A sustainable blockchain must evolve. Dusk governance allows stakeholders to participate in decision making while maintaining privacy. Voting mechanisms can be structured so that votes are counted correctly without revealing individual choices. This encourages honest participation and reduces manipulation. In the multiplayer analogy governance is the rulebook that players collectively update over time.
Evaluation is where all these players come together. Dusk continuously evaluates performance security and compliance at every layer. This is not a static system. It is designed to adapt. As regulations change as new financial instruments emerge and as user expectations evolve Dusk can update its logic without breaking privacy guarantees. Evaluation is built into the protocol through audits proofs and transparent roadmaps. This creates confidence for institutions that require long term stability.
One of the most attractive aspects of Dusk’s architecture is how it mirrors real world finance. In traditional systems data is not fully public. Access is role based. Audits happen without exposing every transaction to everyone. Dusk recreates this structure on chain using cryptography instead of trust. Each participant sees only what they need to see. Yet the system as a whole remains verifiable and secure.
The multiplayer design also improves resilience. Because responsibilities are distributed across layers and roles the network does not rely on a single point of failure. If one application fails the protocol continues to operate. If regulations shift developers can update compliance logic without rewriting the base layer. This modularity is essential for long term survival in a fast changing financial landscape.
From an ecosystem perspective Dusk attracts a diverse set of players. Privacy focused users find protection. Developers find flexibility. Institutions find compliance. Regulators find assurance. This diversity strengthens the network. A blockchain with only one type of participant is fragile. A multiplayer ecosystem grows stronger as more roles are filled.
#Dusk
Creatively speaking Dusk is not trying to win a speed race or a hype contest. It is building an infrastructure game designed to last many rounds. Every architectural choice reflects patience and foresight. Privacy is not an add on. Compliance is not an afterthought. Evaluation is continuous. Architecture is layered and intentional.
Dusk represents a new category of blockchain design. One where privacy and regulation are not enemies. One where multiple players coexist without conflict. One where evaluation is ongoing and evolution is expected. This multiplayer architecture is what makes Dusk uniquely positioned for real world finance. It is not just a network. It is a living system where every participant plays a meaningful role in shaping a secure private and compliant digital future.
@Dusk
$DUSK

@Walrus 🦭/acc #Walrus $WAL
La Finance Décentralisée évolue rapidement, mais ses fondations sont sous pression. À mesure que l'utilisation augmente, de nombreuses plateformes DeFi font face aux mêmes défis fondamentaux : limitation de l'évolutivité, architecture rigide, parcours de développement flous et complexité croissante. Walrus est conçu pour relever ces défis au niveau de l'infrastructure, offrant un cadre modulaire, transparent et prêt pour l'avenir, adapté à une DeFi évolutif.
Plutôt que de créer un autre protocole isolé, Walrus se concentre sur la création d'une fondation flexible qui permet aux écosystèmes DeFi de croître de manière durable sans compromettre la décentralisation ni la sécurité.

L'adoption de l'intelligence artificielle progresse à un rythme sans précédent.
De nouveaux agents de modèles et systèmes autonomes sont déployés chaque jour dans les domaines de la finance, de la santé, de la recherche et des applications grand public.
Pourtant, derrière cette progression rapide se cache une fondation fragile.
Derrière chaque modèle, chaque chatbot et chaque agent intelligent se trouve une dépendance essentielle : les données.
Comme le dit le proverbe, les déchets entrants, les déchets sortants. Si les données alimentant les systèmes d'IA sont incomplètes, manipulées ou non vérifiables, aucune optimisation du modèle ne peut produire des résultats fiables. Malheureusement, la plupart des chaînes de données actuelles pour l'IA sont justement cela : opaques, modifiables et difficiles à auditer une fois consommées par les modèles.

Les données constituent la fondation de l'économie numérique, mais la propriété, la sécurité et l'accès restent fondamentalement défaillants. Alors que le Web3 évolue vers une décentralisation et que l'intelligence artificielle accroît la demande de grands ensembles de données de haute qualité, les infrastructures existantes peinent à répondre à ce défi. Le protocole Walrus apparaît comme un élément manquant essentiel : une couche décentralisée, évolutif et sécurisée pour la disponibilité des données, spécialement conçue pour la prochaine ère du Web3 et de l'IA. Ce document explore comment le protocole Walrus redéfinit le stockage, l'accès et la collaboration des données, ouvrant la voie à un avenir où utilisateurs, développeurs et systèmes intelligents coexistent sans compromettre la confidentialité, les performances ou la confiance.